Past, current and projected atmospheric emissions of trace elements in the mediterranean region
Identifieur interne : 000C23 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000C22; suivant : 000C24Past, current and projected atmospheric emissions of trace elements in the mediterranean region
Auteurs : N. Pirrone [Italie] ; P. Costa [Italie] ; J. M. Pacyna [Norvège]Source :
- Water Science and Technology [ 0273-1223 ] ; 1999.
Descripteurs français
- Wicri :
- topic : Mer Méditerranée.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
This report presents past and current annual emissions of Pb, Ni, Cu, Cd, and V to the atmosphere from major anthropogenic sources in the Mediterranean Sea region and discusses projected emissions for the 1998–2015 period. Gasoline combustion still represents the major emission source of Pb in the urban environment, however its contribution to the regional atmospheric budget is following a downward trend. On a country-by-country basis, spatial distributions of current Pb emissions show that Syria is the leading emitting country with 18.7% of the regional total, followed by Italy (12.3%), France (11.2%), Turkey (11.1%), Egypt (7.5%), Yugoslavia (6.3%), Spain (6.2%), Libya (5.5%), Algeria (5.1%), Israel (4.0%), Bulgaria (3.1%), Morocco (2.3%), Lebanon (2.2%), Greece (2.1%), Jordan (1.1%), Tunisia (0.5%), Cyprus (0.5%), Albania (0.3%). The emission of trace elements from the combustion of fossil fuels as well as from primary and secondary non-ferrous metal smelters represents an important source of Pb, Ni, Cu, Cd and V in the region as a whole. Greece, Tunisia and Lebanon are the major per-capita contributors of Pb released to the regional atmosphere, whereas over 50% of Ni is released from anthropogenic sources in Lebanon. Tunisia, Bulgaria and Cyprus. Cadmium emissions are significant in Lebanon, Tunisia and Bulgaria, whereas Libya is the major emitter of Cu in the region. Annual emissions in the Mediterranean Sea region are compared with those derived for other regions and the variations in emission patterns by source category are discussed. The projected emissions of trace elements up to the 2015 are estimated considering an upper and lower case scenario in the temporal variations of the control efficiency of major emission source categories.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S0273-1223(99)00311-X
Affiliations:
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Istex, to step Corpus: 000233
- to stream Istex, to step Curation: 000056
- to stream Istex, to step Checkpoint: 000644
- to stream Main, to step Merge: 000C58
- to stream Main, to step Curation: 000C23
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI wicri:istexFullTextTei="biblStruct"><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">Past, current and projected atmospheric emissions of trace elements in the mediterranean region</title><author><name sortKey="Pirrone, N" sort="Pirrone, N" uniqKey="Pirrone N" first="N." last="Pirrone">N. Pirrone</name></author><author><name sortKey="Costa, P" sort="Costa, P" uniqKey="Costa P" first="P." last="Costa">P. Costa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pacyna, J M" sort="Pacyna, J M" uniqKey="Pacyna J" first="J. M." last="Pacyna">J. M. Pacyna</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:08267071D28A4E0AD94D5F324A201C36D4051DEA</idno><date when="1999" year="1999">1999</date><idno type="doi">10.1016/S0273-1223(99)00311-X</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/08267071D28A4E0AD94D5F324A201C36D4051DEA/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">000233</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">000233</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Curation">000056</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Checkpoint">000644</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000644</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0273-1223:1999:Pirrone N:past:current:and</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000C58</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000C23</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000C23</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Past, current and projected atmospheric emissions of trace elements in the mediterranean region</title><author><name sortKey="Pirrone, N" sort="Pirrone, N" uniqKey="Pirrone N" first="N." last="Pirrone">N. Pirrone</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>C.N.R., Institute for Atmospheric Pollution, do UNICAL. 87036 Rende</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>do UNICAL. 87036 Rende</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Costa, P" sort="Costa, P" uniqKey="Costa P" first="P." last="Costa">P. Costa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Italie</country><wicri:regionArea>C.N.R., Institute for Atmospheric Pollution, do UNICAL. 87036 Rende</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>do UNICAL. 87036 Rende</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pacyna, J M" sort="Pacyna, J M" uniqKey="Pacyna J" first="J. M." last="Pacyna">J. M. Pacyna</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Norvège</country><wicri:regionArea>NILU—Norwegian Institute for Air Research, P.O. Box 100, N-2007 Kjeller</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>N-2007 Kjeller</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Water Science and Technology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">JWST</title><idno type="ISSN">0273-1223</idno><imprint><publisher>ELSEVIER</publisher><date type="published" when="1999">1999</date><biblScope unit="volume">39</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">12</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="1">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="7">7</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0273-1223</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0273-1223</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Atmospheric emission</term><term>Mediterranean Sea</term><term>anthropogenic source</term><term>developed countries</term><term>developing countries</term><term>emission factor</term><term>per-capita</term><term>trace element</term><term>trend</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Mer Méditerranée</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">This report presents past and current annual emissions of Pb, Ni, Cu, Cd, and V to the atmosphere from major anthropogenic sources in the Mediterranean Sea region and discusses projected emissions for the 1998–2015 period. Gasoline combustion still represents the major emission source of Pb in the urban environment, however its contribution to the regional atmospheric budget is following a downward trend. On a country-by-country basis, spatial distributions of current Pb emissions show that Syria is the leading emitting country with 18.7% of the regional total, followed by Italy (12.3%), France (11.2%), Turkey (11.1%), Egypt (7.5%), Yugoslavia (6.3%), Spain (6.2%), Libya (5.5%), Algeria (5.1%), Israel (4.0%), Bulgaria (3.1%), Morocco (2.3%), Lebanon (2.2%), Greece (2.1%), Jordan (1.1%), Tunisia (0.5%), Cyprus (0.5%), Albania (0.3%). The emission of trace elements from the combustion of fossil fuels as well as from primary and secondary non-ferrous metal smelters represents an important source of Pb, Ni, Cu, Cd and V in the region as a whole. Greece, Tunisia and Lebanon are the major per-capita contributors of Pb released to the regional atmosphere, whereas over 50% of Ni is released from anthropogenic sources in Lebanon. Tunisia, Bulgaria and Cyprus. Cadmium emissions are significant in Lebanon, Tunisia and Bulgaria, whereas Libya is the major emitter of Cu in the region. Annual emissions in the Mediterranean Sea region are compared with those derived for other regions and the variations in emission patterns by source category are discussed. The projected emissions of trace elements up to the 2015 are estimated considering an upper and lower case scenario in the temporal variations of the control efficiency of major emission source categories.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Italie</li><li>Norvège</li></country></list><tree><country name="Italie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Pirrone, N" sort="Pirrone, N" uniqKey="Pirrone N" first="N." last="Pirrone">N. Pirrone</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Costa, P" sort="Costa, P" uniqKey="Costa P" first="P." last="Costa">P. Costa</name></country><country name="Norvège"><noRegion><name sortKey="Pacyna, J M" sort="Pacyna, J M" uniqKey="Pacyna J" first="J. M." last="Pacyna">J. M. Pacyna</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Wicri/Terre/explor/NickelMaghrebV1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000C23 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 000C23 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Wicri/Terre
|area= NickelMaghrebV1
|flux= Main
|étape= Exploration
|type= RBID
|clé= ISTEX:08267071D28A4E0AD94D5F324A201C36D4051DEA
|texte= Past, current and projected atmospheric emissions of trace elements in the mediterranean region
}}
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.27. |  |